Views: 3292 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2024-08-23 Origin: Site
The plate rolling machine is a general-purpose equipment for bending metal sheet into cylindrical, curved or other shaped workpieces. According to the principle of three points forming a circle, using the relative position change and rotational movement of the workpiece to produce continuous plastic deformation of the sheet to obtain a workpiece of a predetermined shape. The product is widely used in boiler, shipbuilding, petroleum, woodworking, metal structure and other machinery manufacturing industries.
● Three-roller rolling machine: including symmetrical three-roller rolling machine, asymmetrical three-roller rolling machine, horizontal down-regulating three-roller rolling machine, inclined down-regulating three-roller rolling machine, curved down-regulating three-roller rolling machine and vertical roll-down three-roller rolling machine etc.
①Mechanical three-roller symmetry
Performance characteristics of mechanical three-roller symmetrical plate bending machine: The structure of the machine is three-roller symmetrical. The upper roller moves vertically at the center symmetrical position of the two lower rollers. It is obtained by the transmission of the screw nut and the worm. Rotational motion, through the output gear of the reducer meshing with the lower roller gear, provides torque for the rolled sheet. The disadvantage of this machine is that the end of the plate needs to be pre-bent with other equipment.
②Mechanical three-roll asymmetrical
The main features of the mechanical three-roll asymmetrical plate bending machine: the structure of the machine is a three-roll asymmetrical type, the upper roller is the main drive, and the lower roller moves vertically to clamp the plate and mesh with the upper roller gear through the lower roller gear, At the same time as the main drive; the side rollers are tilted and lifted, with dual functions of pre-bending and rounding. Compact structure, convenient operation, and maintenance.
The main features of the hydraulic three-roller symmetrical plate bending machine: the upper roller of the machine can be vertically raised and lowered, and the vertical lifting hydraulic transmission is obtained by the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder acting on the piston rod; the lower roller is driven in rotation, and the output gear meshes through the reducer. To provide torque for the coil, there is an idler under the lower roller, which can be adjusted. The upper roller is in the shape of a drum, which improves the straightness of the product and is suitable for ultra-long tanks with various cross-sectional shapes.
It is an upward-adjusting symmetrical three-roller plate rolling machine, which can roll metal sheets into circular, arc-shaped, and conical workpieces within a certain range. The two lower rollers of this model are the driving rollers and the upper roller is the driven roller. It is widely used in shipbuilding, boiler, aviation, hydropower, chemical, metal structure, and machinery manufacturing industries.
It is suitable for the bending deformation of metal plates. It can roll around, arc and tapered workpieces within a certain range, and has the function of pre-bending the end of the plate. The two lower rollers of this model are active rollers that can move horizontally. The roller is a driven roller that can move up and down. There are mechanical and hydraulic movement modes. The driveshafts are all connected by universal couplings.
● Four-roller rolling machine: divided into side-roller tilt-adjusting four-roller rolling machine and side-roller arc-adjusting four-roller rolling machine.
● Special-purpose plate rolling machine: vertical plate rolling machine, marine plate rolling machine, double roll plate rolling machine, cone plate rolling machine, multi-roll plate rolling machine and multi-purpose plate rolling machine, etc.
The upper roller of the symmetrical plate rolling machine is at the symmetrical position of the two lower rollers through the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder to act on the piston for vertical lifting movement, and the final gear of the main reducer drives the gears of the two lower rollers to mesh for rotating motion, which is the rolling motion Provide torque. The flat plastic metal plate of the plate rolling machine passes between the three working rolls of the plate rolling machine. With the help of the pressing of the upper roller and the rotation of the lower roller, the metal plate is continuously bent through multiple passes, resulting in permanent plastic deformation. Roll into the required cylinder, cone, or part of them. The disadvantage of this hydraulic three-roller bending machine is that the end of the plate needs to be pre-bent with the help of other equipment. This rolling machine is suitable for large rolling machines with a thickness of more than 50mm. A row of fixed idlers is added under the two lower rollers to shorten the span of the two lower rollers, thereby improving the precision of the rolled workpiece and the overall performance of the machine.
● The movement form of the plate rolling machine
The movement form of the plate rolling machine can be divided into two forms of main movement and auxiliary movement. The main motion refers to the movement of the upper and lower rollers constituting the plate rolling machine to rotate and bend the processed plate, and the main motion completes the processing tasks of the plate rolling machine. Auxiliary movement is the form of movement of the loading, unloading and lifting of the upper roller, the lifting and the turning of the headstock during the rolling process of the plate bending machine.
The mechanism is a three-roller symmetrical type. The upper roll is vertically moved at the symmetrical position of the two lower rolls. It is obtained by the screw and screw worm drive. The two lower rolls are rotated. Engagement to provide torque for rolled sheet.
Working principle diagram of three-roller rolling machine
The main motion refers to the upper roller around 01 and the lower roller around 02 and 03 for clockwise or counterclockwise rotation. Auxiliary movement refers to the upward or downward movement of the upper roller, as well as the upward roll and flanging movement of the upper roller in the 01 vertical plane.
● Processing method of bending
In the manufacture of steel structures, the bending process is mainly several processing methods such as coiling (rounding), bending (simmering) hemming, and die pressing. The bending process is completed by hot or cold processing.
Spheronization is to make the outer fiber of the steel plate elongate under the action of external force, and the inner fiber shortens to produce bending deformation (the middle fiber does not change). When the radius of the cylinder is large, it can be rolled at room temperature. For example, when the radius is small and the steel plate is thick, the steel plate should be heated and rolled. There are three processing methods for round steel plate at room temperature: mechanical rounding, tire mold pressing and manual production. Mechanical spheronization is carried out on a plate rolling machine (also called a plate rolling machine or a rounding machine).
The bending of the plate on the plate rolling machine is achieved by the pressure generated when the upper roller moves downward. Their working principle is as shown.
Schematic diagram of rounding machine
With three-roller bending machine, the two ends of the plate need to be pre-bent, and the length of the pre-bend is 0.5L + (30 ~ 50) mm (L is the center distance of the lower roller). The pre-bending can be pre-bending with press molding or with a pallet in the rounding machine.
Schematic diagram of steel plate pre-bending
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